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The National Archives of Costa Rica is a decentralized institution of the Ministry of Culture and Youth. It is the governing body of the national archival system; it manages Costa Rica’s documentary heritage and helps to control the notarial practice in the country. Its purposes are to preserve and to diffuse the country’s documentary heritage, to guarantee access to information, to favor the transparency in the administrative task and to support the decision making. The institution has three national archives namely: Historical, Notarial and Interval (recording center), as well as National Commission of Document Selection and Elimination. Also, Preservation Department’s work stands out. Since 1936, the institution has been publishing the National Archives Magazine. The institution was created in 1881. Around 126 people work there, and it is located between the cantons of Zapote and Curridabat at the province of San José. The National Commission of Document Selection and Elimination of Costa Rica is an advisory body of the General Direction of National Archives, created by the law 7202 in October 24, 1990, and its legal base is in the law’s chapter IV. The most important function of this committee is to dictate regulations about documents’ selection and elimination, according to its scientific and cultural value. Another function is to settle consultations about documents’ elimination of the producing entities. This is made by the information provided by the entities such as conservation of term tables or requests of partial elimination of documents. In addition, there are valuation reports presented by the professionals of the External Archive Department Services. == History == Since the colonial age, there were rules issued by the authorities from Spain to regulate the official documents’ preservation, such as real identification cards (there were obligatory rules issued by the king in the West Indies) and real provisions (document used by the royal audience to execute a real identification card to the province’s governors and other lower authorities) which help to prove some established norms with documents during that period. One of these norms was that papers had to be locked with three keys. There were different renowned community’s people in charge to take care of those papers and to guarantee documents’ preservation. In 1660, the ensign Juan López de Ortega started a collecting campaign of town’s documents. He threatened with harsh punishments those citizens who kept documents for themselves. With the independence was achieved in 1821, the authorities continued with the healthy custom of preserving documents to dictate different laws that safe permanency of administrative and judicial documents. However, Costa Ricans’ interest of preserving history was made firm in the 19th century by León Fernández Bonilla. He created the National Archives on July 23, 1881 during Salvador Lara’s government. The first National Archives was located in a rented house. From 1883 to 1889 it was in a National Palace’s office. Then it changed its residence to Saint Thomas University, and it was there until 1957. On this date it was moved to Maria Cristina’s building. Finally, in 1993 it was moved to a modern building located in Zapote; now it is surrounded by green area, free of pollution and it joins all the requirements of current archive specifications. According to Jose Francisco Murillo’s research about the National Archives of Costa Rica, there are three important stages on this institution’s developing. The first stage was between 1881 and 1888. It was called settlement and restatement because there were disorganized, incomplete and damaged documents. Also, there were a few people working and the building was not adequate. From 1889 to 1957 the second stage took place when the National Archives of Costa Rica was located at Saint Thomas University. During this time the documentary funds’ organization started functioning, as well as the creation of index card system to consult it. The first National Archives’ regulation was dictated in 1902, and it established technical guidelines to classify and to organize documents. In 1934 an archive’s stamp seal to provide an adequate building for National Archives was created. Then fifty years later (in 1993), the first building’ stage opened. In 1936 National Archives’ Magazine was published to diffuse documentary funds that it preserved and history researches. The restatement period (1969–1990) is characterized by the endorsement given by governmental authorities that principally came from Organization of American States (OAS) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This support allowed overseas training for National Archives’ staff, mainly in Argentina and Spain. The staff acquired new concepts that allowed them to obtain a fresh vision of archivist task. Also, Administrative Board was created by the law 5574 in September 17, 1974 with new functions, mainly to provide a proper building to National Archives. Moreover, they created a permanent financing source by a check tax and the obtained resources from archive stamp seals. The fourth stage called consolidation started in 1990 could be possibly created by National Archives System’s law 7202. This institution got a legal framework by that law, this became the largest Historical Archives in the country and the National Archives System’s governing body. Also, it could make the wished dream from 1934 come true, which was to obtain a modern building with the required conditions to preserve Costa Rica’s documentary heritage. At this stage, National Archives of Costa Rica has reached to stand out at the national and international levels, mainly in International Council on Archives (ICA) and in the Association of Latin American Archives (ALA). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Archives of Costa Rica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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